Um professor pediu a seus alunos que explicassem por que um lápis, dentro de um copo com água, parece estar quebrado, como mostrado nesta figura:
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Bruno respondeu: “Isso ocorre, porque a velocidade da luz na água é menor que a velocidade da luz no ar”.
Tomás explicou: “Esse fenômeno está relacionado com a alteração da freqüência da luz quando esta muda de meio”.
Considerando-se essas duas respostas, é correto afirmar que: